CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS FORMATION MECHANISM IN CHINA IN LAST 80 YEARS

In this paper, some results concerning the study on the characteristics of the climate change and its possible formation mechanism in China for the apparatus observatory period since 1920s has been synthetically described in detail.Since 1920s, China experienced two warm-periods during 1940s and 1990s respectively and a relative cold period during the period of 1950s-1960s. During 1990s, the yearly mean temperature of the warmest year (1998) or the temperature of the 5-year running mean almost reached to or was warmer than that in 1946 which was the warmest year and that of the 5-year running mean during the previous warm period. The strongest warming areas were located in the northern China such as Heilongjiang province and northern Xinjiang autonomous region, while over the area south of 35°N; and east to 100°E, there existed acooling belt centered over the Sichuan Basin since 1950s. Although the area showed a warming trend during 1990s, it did not reach to the temperature during warm period of 1940s. In terms of the rainf all over China, it reached to the least during 1920s (least in 1929) while the most during 1950s and gradually decreased from then on. After 1970s, the rain fall amount had little change with weak oscillation but the pluvian region moved southward from North China to the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river since 1980s. During the period of 1951-1990, the temperature and rainfall showed negative correlation over the most areas. There existed two negative correlation areas over the Northeast China and the region between the Yangtze river and Yellow river basin, which indicate that it turns warmer and drier over north area while more cold and wet over area between Huai river and Yangtze river. Comparing these characteristics of the climate change over China with that of the global scale, the warming period over China distinctly laged behind that of the global warming, and clear difference existed for the cooling belts.