A review of studies on local land-atmosphere interactions and their impacts on afternoon convection triggering over the Qingzang plateau in summer

Land-atmosphere interactions and feedback mechanisms are inherently complex, necessitating a quantitative, integrative, and process-oriented understanding across multiple scales. Local land-atmosphere interactions pertain to the examination of the relationship between the land surface and the atmosphere, particularly within the planetary boundary layer (PBL), at a localized scale under weak synoptic background. This is crucial for assessing the implications of these interactions on weather and climate, and it employs a process chain paradigm to investigate various connections such as that between soil moisture and precipitation. While significant advancements have been made in understanding large scale land-atmosphere interactions on the Qingzang plateau and their effects over recent decades, research on local land-atmosphere interactions and their impacts on convection initiation over the Qingzang plateau remains comparatively underdeveloped. This paper aims to systematically review observational evidence regarding local land-atmosphere interactions on the Qingzang plateau, analyze the strengths of the interactions and their spatial variations, explore the underlying causes and mechanisms of such variations, and ultimately reveal current research challenges and propose future directions in this field.