基培尔预报方程的物理导法及一些解释

NOTES ON KIBEL’S FORECASTING EQUATIONS

  • 摘要: 基培尔理论预报方法是苏联气象科学中伟大贡献之一,无论对动力气象学及天气学均有深远的影响,实是近代气象学中一个最巨大的成就,值得我们细心学习钻研.因为基培尔方法所用算式十分繁複,初学者有时苦於不易把握算式的物理意义,因而影响对整个方法的领会.

     

    Abstract: Kibel's forecasting equations,both to the first and to the second approximation,are re-derived on the base of the principle,of thermal wind.The physical meaning of such procedure is easy to grasp.The significance of θ-lines is discussed and it is demonstrated by a graphic method,that surface isobars and isotherms must move along θ-lines with the speed numerically equal to the gradient of θ-lines.With the aid of thermal wind it is shown that there must exist the steering layer,the significance of which is discussed iri detail.Tt is demonstrated that to the first approximation,variations of pressure below and above the steering layer have opposite signs while variations of temperature are characterized by the same signs.It is proved with emphasis that the first approximation implies that isobara,as well as isotherms,at all levels within the entive troposphere are steered by the same steering layer and transmitted at the very same velocity.

     

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