Abstract: A numerical experimental model of the general circulation of the atmosphere is constructed based on a two-level quasi-geostrophic model with the dynamical effects of topography and land-and-sea distribution and the radiation,turbulent and condensation heatings included.In the radiation heating,the influences of clouds on the long wave and short wave radiations are considered,by assuming that the appearance of cloud depends on the vertical current only.The surface temperature is obtained by solving the heat-transfer equation.The derived non-linear ordinary differential equations are numeritally integrated on electronic computer by using Runge-Kutta method.In the absence of disturbances the surface temperature and basic currents are gradually set up by the excitement of solar radiation with an annual period.The surface temperature has an apparent seasonal fluctuations,which lag behind that of the solar radiation about one month.The obtained values of surface temperature in winter and summer are in accord with the actual climatic values.The basic currents also have an apparent seasonal fluctuations,which also lag behind that of the solar radiation more than one month.In summer,the basic currents decrease in intensity and the jet stream shifts towards the north,and in winter,the basic currents increase in intensity and the jet stream shifts towards the south.In winter,the thermal properties of the actual land-and-sea distribution of northern hemisphere enable the air over Asia and the Pacific to cool down and the air over Europe and Atlantic Ocean to warm up.Under the mutual effects of topography and non-adiabatic heatings,troughs form over eastern Asia and northern America.The process of cold-air activity .is also discovered in the experiment.This cold-air activity has its favourite origin which is Novaya Zemlya in Europe.Further the cold air originated from Novaya Zemlya has its favourite southeastward track.