Abstract: The general rules about the mountain effects on the movement and development of the long and ultra-long wayes are shown in Fig.3.2.1-3.2.5.When a westerly cold trough moves eastward over a mountain, if, am/a2, the amplitude ratio of the topographic equivalent vorticity to its wind field vorticity, is relatively small, its amplitude damps in wind field and amplifys in temperature, and its wave speed in wind field is faster than that in temperature field. As it has crossed the ridge of the mountain, its wind and temperature change inversly.The physical process of the cyclo-benesis in the lee side is discussed in some details. In the situation without the mountain, the mean wind field of the ultra-long waves generally westward,but the shear wind and temperature field moves generally eastward. It is the reason why the ultra-long wave is not so baroclinic unstable as the long wave.It is deduced theoretically that the ridges of the ultra-long waves are favorable to amplify between two topographic ridges with same scale, and this deduction is well consistent with the geographic distribution of the observed frequency of the blocking ridges, which is shown in Fig.5.2.