Abstract: The time coefficients of the first 5 EOF's terms are obtained from the analysis of the 5-day mean circulation at the 500-mb level over Asia for the period of 1964-1973. By using the cross-spectral analysis method, the features of the relation in the frequency region between the 5-day mean circulation at the 500-mb level and the 5-day mean surface air temperature in our country are studied. And the main frequency bands in which the coherence function is significant in statistic meaning, are found. On this basis the paper goes further into the time-space structure showing these relations. The results may provide a new fundamental and a new way for researching long-range weather proccesses and forecasting the 5-day mean surface air temperature with the circulation factors.