台风的数值模拟研究——积云动量输送作用
THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TYPHOON——THE EFFECT OF CUMULUS MOMENTUM TRANSPORT
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摘要: 本文用一个考虑积云动量垂直输送作用的二维轴对称原始方程模式,模拟了台风的生成和发展过程。数值试验所得到的“模式台风”比考虑Ekman抽吸作用所得结果在其结构上更接近实际台风。因此,同Ekman抽吸一样,积云动量垂直输送作用也可以激发第二类条件不稳定(CISK),促使台风的生成和发展。而且,积云动量垂直输送作用,在台风的形成和维持中可能比Ekman抽吸更为重要。Abstract: In a 2-dimensional axial symmetrical primitive equation model, the effect of cumulus momentum transference is studied. We assume that the convective heating are related to the vorticity and the vertical flux of cumulus mass at a certain level. The simulated typhoon got in this paper is closer to the actual typhoon on the structure than the result obtained with Ekman pumping. Therefore, it is similar to Ekman pumping that the cumulus momentum transport can arouse the conditional instability of the second kind (CISK) which leads to the genesis and development of typhoons. Probably, the cumulus momentum transport is more important to the formation and maintenance of typhoons than the effect of Ekman pumping.
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