1985年1—3月南极长城站风的特征

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF WIND OVER THE ANTARCTIC METEOROLOGICAL STATION GREAT-WALL DURING JAN. -MAR. 1985

摘要: 中国南极长城站建在南极乔治岛上,即62°12´59"S,58°57´52"W。该地属亚南极气候,既受南极大陆冷气团的侵袭,也受到极地海洋气团的影响1。该站建于1985年2月20日,但从考察队登陆后,1月1日起就开展了气象观测。本文利用建站初期1—3月的资料,分析长城站地面风和高空风的特征。在登陆初期,地面风资料使用手持轻便风向风速仪,每天于当地时间08,14,20时观测。1月23日后,架起10m高测风铁塔,使用电接风向风速仪,自动记录24h风的变化。经对比观测校验,轻便风向风速仪观测风速系统性偏小。高空风是用小球测风气球观测的,由于当地天气条件恶劣,能见度差,观测次数受到限制。在这次夏季考察中,我们只获得10次高空风探测资料。

Abstract: By using observational data of the antarctic meteorological station: Great-Wall(62°12'59"S, 58° 57'52"W) during Jan.-Mar. 1985,the characteristics of the surface wind and upper-air wind are analysed.Prevailing surface wind directions are ESE and NW. The frequencies of NE and SW wind are quite low. Strong wind(>10 rn/s) comes mostly from ESE direction. The diurnal wind variation is slight. The W-component profile from five pilot balloon sounding shows a low-level maximum between 300-500 mover the surface.