定常积云的云底抽吸与Haltiner气柱模式

THE PUMPING AT STEADY CUMULUS BASE AND HALTINER’S AIR COLUMN MODEL

  • 摘要: 本文提出积云发展过程中存在着云底抽吸效应。按照气柱模式,云底处质量连续性的要求,发展最强阶段积云的云底抽吸主要取决于云底浮力,一般浓积云的云底抽吸还依赖于云底动力挟卷率。一般情况下,气团内部发展最强阶段的较强的积云的云底抽吸是云底入流的第一近似。数值计算和对实际积云的吸入量和云高模拟的结果支持了云底抽吸的概念。作为第一近似,以云底抽吸确定云底升速,使Haltiner模式具有新的特点,可以在缺乏实测云底升速条件的情况下,应用Haltiner模式对气团内部最强阶段的较强的积云进行近似模拟。

     

    Abstract: It is presented that there is a pumping effect at the cumulus base in the development process of cumulus. As for the air-mass cumulus at the most development stage, the pumping is mainly produced by the buoyency at the base, and may be taked as the first approximation of the updraft at the base. The results of numerical calculation and simulating four observed echoes show that using the first approximation, the air-mass cumulus may be approximately simulated by Haltiner's model without the observed assending speed at the base, and Haltiner's model is characterized by the sensitivity of the development of the cumulus to the virtual temperature excess over environment at the base, and the concept of the pumping is supported.

     

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