大气中行星尺度孤立波的动力特征

DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES TO THE SOLITARY WAVES OF PLANETARY SCALE IN THE ATEMOSPHERE

摘要: 大气中的非线性波一直是气象学界所关心和重视的问题,Long1和Benney2等人最早把孤立波理论应用到大气中来,成功地解释了大气中的一些天气现象,后来我国学者巢纪平3、刘式达、刘式适4等又进行了这方面的研究工作,取得了一些有意义的结果。本文利用行星大气中的相当正压模式和Burger模式,在一定的条件下分别导出了它们所满足的KdV方程,其解是椭圆余弦波和孤立波,并讨论了孤立波的凸凹性,找到了孤立波西移的判据,指出了中高纬度大气中的阻高和切断低压等天气系统具有“孤立波”的性质。

Abstract: The modified barotropic model and Burger model in the planetary atmosphere are used to obtain the KdV equations.Their solutions are conical wave and solitary wave. The convex-concave of the solitary waves is discussed, and the criticism which the solitary waves move toward west is found. The properties of the solitary waves are discussed and pointed out that blocking and cut-off lower pressure systems in the middle-high latitude atmosphere have properties of "solitary wave"