Abstract: The vertical structure of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime general atmospheric circulation anomalies process is studied by using methods of correlation analysis, EOF analysis and harmonic analysis with geopotential height anomaly data at 100,500,700 and 1000 hPa. The result shows that the first eigenvector, which has apparent relations with abnormal weather of Northern Hemisphere, has a significant barotropical structure feature in the troposphere and has the maximum weight in the general circulation anomalies. The harmonic analysis shows that the equivalent barotopic feature of general circulation anomalies. closely relates with the main activities of the ultra-long waves.