Abstract: In this paper, the climatic eharacteristics of severe cold winters from 1952 to 2986, and the atmospheric circulation related are analysed.It was pointed out that the severe cold winter is a large scale climatic phenomenon and often occurred in whole country and even covered great part of Asia and Europe. The occurence of the severe cold winter relates to the anomalies of atmospberic circulation. The large scale unusual thermal regimes both in the polar region and the equator are the important precursors which result in the occurrence of severe cold winters.