梯度法观测大气与森林生态系统间羰基硫(COS)的交换通量
ON THE EXCHANGE OF CARBONYL SULFIDE (COS) BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERE AND A FOREST ECOSYSTEM IN CENTRAL EUROPE
-
摘要: 本工作用梯度法测定了大气与其下垫的森林间COS的交换通量。测量在德国哥廷根大学的一座50m高的森林观测塔上进行,该塔坐落在德国中部的Solling自然保护区的森林中。观测现场生长着树龄分别为120a和80a的山毛榉和云杉。树冠线约28m高。在塔上离地面32m,38m和50m的地方用冷以法同时采集了空气样品。样品用气相色谱-火焰光度检测法测定。COS通量由其梯度及扩散系数求出。扩散系数由与COS一起测得的感热和水蒸气通量导出。在稳定边界层条件下共获得20条廓线。每条廓线都显示COS浓度随高度下降而降低的趋势,说明森林吸收COS.总的结果表明,COS向森林中的平均输送通量为(143±54)ng COSm-2·s-1.Abstract: The flux of carbonyl sulfide between the atmosphere and the underlying forest has been measured by a flux-gradient technique on the 50m tower of the forestry faculty of the University of Goettingen in the Natural Reserve Solling in Central Germany. The site is covered by beech and spruce of 120 and 80 years of age, respectively. The canopy height is around 28 meters. Carbonyl sulfide was sampled simultaneously at 32. 38 and 50m above the ground by cryo-trapping over lOmin intervals. Samples were analyzed by GC/FPD. Fluxes of COS above the forest were derived from COS gradients and diffusivities of heat and water vapor. Diffusivities were derived from gradients and fluxes of heat and water vapor measured simultaneously with COS. Twenty sets of profiles have been obtained during daytime under stable boundary layer conditions. Each of the individual profiles showes a decrease of COS towards the top of the canopy that exceeds the analytical uncertainty of the measurement, indicating uptake of COS by the forest. An average COS flux of -(143±54) ng COSm-2·s-1 have been obtained.