夏季西太平洋副热带高压北跳及异常的研究
THE STUDY OF THE SUDDEN NORTHWARD JUMP OF THE SUBTROPICAL HIGH OVER THE WESTERN PACIFIC
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摘要: 根据欧洲中心1980～1989年逐日200,500和850hPa风场、高度场及日本气象厅提供的GMS观测的黑体辐射温度(TBB)逐日资料,探讨了夏季西太平洋地区(125～145°E)副热带高压脊线季节性北跳、季内脊线位置的异常与低纬度的西风爆发和热带对流的关系。研究表明:初夏西太平洋地区低层赤道西风爆发后,西太平洋地区的赤道对流加强(赤道地区的TBB值减小);赤道西风向北扩展,赤道强对流向北推移,热带对流加强(热带地区TBB值减小)。夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线的二次北跳现象与低层赤道西风二次北跳及赤道对流向北推移密切相关。研究指出:夏季热带对流弱(强),西太平洋副热带高压脊线位置相对偏南(北),夏季西太平洋副热带高压脊线位置的异常与高、低层流场辐合、福散中心的位置及高层西风传播方向有关。Abstract: Based on the wind data at 200, 500 and 850 hPa levels from the ECMWF data sets and TBB data of Japan (JMA) Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS) during 1980-1989, it is discussed that the characteristics of convection and westerly wind at low latitude vary and its relation to two jumps northward of the ridge line of the subtropical high over Western Pacific during summer. It is found that the outburst of low-level equatorial westerly wind and equatorial convection intensity over western pacific in the 2nd pentad of June caused the first northward jump of the subtropical high, and the low-level equatorial wester1y wind and equatorial convection moved northward to tropic in the 4th pentad of July caused the second northward jump of the subtropical high. Analysis results based on TBB show that the tropical convection strengthens (weakens) and the ridge line of the Western Pacific Subtropical high lies to the north (south) of normal state during summer.
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