论树木物候生长季节与气温生长季节的关系--以德国中部Taunus山区为例
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GROWING SEASONS DETERMI-NED BY TREES’ PHENOLOGY AND AIR TEMPERATURE:THE CASE OF THE TAUNUS MOUNTAIN AREA IN CENTRAL GERMANY
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摘要: 探讨了Taunus山区3个地点的树木物候生长季节与气温生长季节年际波动特征之间的关系。结果表明,在不同地形部位上,物候生长季节长度与气温≥10℃持续期在振幅、波形和趋势方面存在明显差异,二者的相关系数均未达到显著的水平。因此,尽管这两种生长季节的多年平均初、终日期和长度是接近的,但就个别年份而言,它们不具有可比性和相互替代性。在低海拔山麓地带,物候生长季节长度与气温≥5℃持续期正相关显著,而与气温≥5℃初日负相关显著,说明物候生长季节具有对较长时期内气温波动响应的特点,特别受到早春气温高低的显著影响,表现为春季气温越高,≥5℃初日越早,当年物候生长季节越长;春季气温越低≥5℃初日越晚,当年物候生长季节越短的对应关系。据此,春季气温的高低就成为诊断低海拔地区植被生长季节长度对气候变化响应的一种前期征兆。此外,还建立了春季物候期与无霜期之间的区域统计模式,用以进行区内缺乏气象资料地点的无霜期估算。Abstract: The true growing season is defined as the number of days in a year in which a crop can grow.However,the comm on measure of the growing season has been the number of days between the first date and the last date of the daily mean temperature above a threshold value such as 5℃or 10℃etc..In this paper the temporal relationships between growing seasons determined by trees'phenology (the period between the dates of leaf emergence and the date of leaf coloration by Fagus sylvatica,Quercus robur and Betula pendula) and air temperature (the period of the daily mean temperature above 5℃ and 10℃) has been analysed using the time series from 1951 to 1990 at Geisenheim,Koenigstein and Kleiner Feldberg in the Taunus Mountain area.
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