修正的质量通量积云对流方案及其模拟试验研究Ⅰ:方案介绍及对1991年洪涝过程的模拟
MODIFIED MASS FLUX CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION SCHEME AND ITS SIMULATION EXPERIMENT PART I: MASS FLUX SCHEME AND ITS SIMULATION OF THE FLOODING IN 1991
-
摘要: 文中在综合比较各类积云对流参数化方案优缺点的基础上,主要参考陈伯民等修正的ECMWF质量通量积云参数化方案,对其进行简化和修改,发展了一个质量通量积云对流参数化方案,文中表示为MFS(Mass Flux Scheme)。MFS是一种综合型的方案,既考虑了大尺度水汽辐合的重要性,又考虑了积云中的上升运动、下沉运动、环境中的补偿下沉运动,以及卷入、卷出和蒸发等,用总体云模式来描述积云与环境的相互作用,同时考虑了深对流和浅对流。将MFS植入NCAR区域气候模式RegCM2中,对1991年5～7月江淮地区特大降水过程的夏季风气候特征和变化进行了模拟,并与NCARRegCM2选用Kuo方案,在同样初、边值条件和其它物理过程选择下的模拟结果进行了对比分析。分析结果表明,植入MFS后的模式能够模拟这次极端的降水气候事件。在某些方面,如地表气温,降水的模拟上,植入MFS后的模式的模拟结果要比原模式的结果更合理。Abstract: Based on the existing cumulus parameterization schemes, a Mass Flux Scheme for cumulus convective parameterization, i.e. MFS, has been successfully developed by referenced the work of Chen Bomin. MFS is a comprehensive scheme. In MFS, notonly the importance of the large-scale moisture convergence is taken into acxeount, but also itincludes the cumulus updrafts, cumulus downdrafts, cumulus induced subsidence in the environmental air, entrainment, detrainmentand evaporation. The interaction between the cumulus and the environmentis described by using a one-dimensional bulk model. Atthe same time the scheme includes the penetrative and shallow convection.The MFS has been successfully imported into the regional climate model RegCM2 developed by NCAR.The new model has been applied to simulate summer monsoon characteristics and their variations of heavy rainfall process in the Changjiang-Huaihe River Basin for three months from May to July 1991.The results show that the new model can successfully simulate this rainfall process.By comparison the model out puts of RegCM2 using the Kuo scheme and the MFS,it is found that the MFS is betterin the surface temperature,rainfall area,rainfall period of time and the intermission simulation.
-
Keywords:
- Cumulus convection /
- Mass flux scheme /
- Regional climate model
-
-
陈德辉.积云对流参数化技术.应用气象学报,1997,8(增刊):69～77 Manabe S, etal.Simulated climatology ofa general circulation model with a hydrological cycle. Mon Wea Rev. 1965,93:769-798
Betts A K.A new convective adjustment scheme,Part I:Observational and theoretical basis. Quart J Roy Meteor Soc,1986,112:677-691
Betts A K, Miller M J.A new convective adjustment scheme,Part II:Single column tests using GATE wave,BOMEX,and arctic air-mass data sets.Quart J Roy Meteor Soc,1986,112:693-709
Kuo H L. On formation and intensification of tropical cyclones through latenthear release by cumulus convection.J Atmos Sci, 1965,22:40-63
Kuo H L. Further studies of the parameterization of the influencee of cumulus convection on large scale flow.J Atmos Sci, 1974,31:1232-1240
Anthes R A. A cumulus parameterization scheme utilizing a one-dimensional cloud model. Mon Wea Rev, 1977,105:270-286
Geleyn J F. On a simple,parameter-free partition between moistening and precipitation in the Kuo scheme.Mon Wea Rev, 1985,113:405-408
Arakawa A, Schubert W H. Interaction ofa cumulus cloud ensemble with the large scale environment,Part I. J Atmos Sci, 1974,31:674-701
Arakawa A, Chen J M.Closure assumptions in the cumulus parameterization problem. Short-and Medium-Range Numerical Weather Predicition.In: T Matsuno,Ed. J Meteor Soc Japan, Special Volume,1987, 107-131
Kreitzberg C W, Perkey D J. Release of potentialinstability,Part II:The mechanismof convective/mesoscale interaction.J Atmos Sci, 1977,34:1569-1595
Fritsch J M, Chappell C F. Numerical prediction of convectively driven mesoscale pressure systems.Part I:Convective parameterization.J Atmos Sci, 1980, 37:1722-1733
Fritsch J M, Chappell C F. Numerical prediction of convectively driven mesoscale pressure systems.PartII:Mesoscale model.J Atmos Sci, 1980,37:1734-1762
Frank W M. A cumulus parameterization scheme incorporating subgrid scale convective forcing. 15th Technical Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology (A. M. S). 1984,183-190
刘一鸣.中国关于积云参数化方案的应用.气象学报,1998,56(2):247～255 Tiedtke M. A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale schemes.Mon Wea Rev,1989,117:1779-1800
陈伯民.修正的ECMWF质量通量积云参数化方案对中国暴雨的初步预报试验.见:85-906课题组编,台风、暴雨数值预报新技术的研究.北京:气象出版社,1996.23～31 陈伯民等.修正的ECMWF质量通量积云参数化方案的预报试验.高原气象,1996,15(1):37～47 Giorgi F,etal.Developmentofa Second-Generation Regional Climate Model (RegCM2).Part I:Boundary-layerand radiative transfer processes,Mon Wea Rev,1993,121:2794-2813
Giorgi F,etal.Developmentofa Second-Generation Regional Climate Model (RegCM2).Part II:Convective processes and assimilation oflateral boundary conditions.Mon Wea Rev,1993,121:2814-2832
刘永强,丁一汇.区域气候模拟研究.应用气象学报,1995,6(2):228～239 刘永强,丁一汇.1991年江淮特大异常降水的区域气候模拟,见:赵宗慈主编.中国短期气候预测的模式研究.北京:气象出版社,1996.106～120 赵宗慈,罗勇等.东亚夏季风的模拟研究——3个区域气候模式的对比.应用气象学报,1997,8(增刊):116～123 罗勇,赵宗慈.NCAR RegCM2对东亚区域气候的模拟试验.应用气象学报,1997,8(增刊):124～133 Liu Yongqiang, Filippo Giorgi, Warren M,etal.Simulation of summer monsoon climate over East Asia with an NCAR regional climate model. Mon Wea Rev, 1994,122:2331-2348
Giorgi F.Sensitivity of simulated summertime precipitation over the western United States to different physics parameterizations.Mon Wea Rev,1991,119,2870-2888
Giorgi F, Marinucci M R.Validation ofa regional atmospheric model over Europe:Sensitivity of wintertime and summertime simulations to selected physics parameterizations and lower boundary conditions,Quart J Roy Meteor Soc,1991, 117:1171-1206
丁一汇,张晶,赵宗慈.一个改进的陆面过程模式及其模拟试验研究,第二部分:陆面过程模式与区域气候模式的耦合模拟试验.气象学报,1998,56(1):385～400 丁一汇.1991年江淮流域持续性特大暴雨研究.北京:气象出版社,1993. 255pp
计量
- 文章访问数: 1940
- HTML全文浏览量: 12
- PDF下载量: 1976
下载:
