1998年7月22日长江中游中β低涡的数值模拟及分析
SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF MESO-B VORTEX OVER MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YANGTSE RIVER ON 22 JULY 1998
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摘要: 文中使用非静力的MM5中尺度模式,模拟1998年7月22日鄂东沿江发生的中β尺度突发性大暴雨。分析模式是高分辨输出,结果发现,中心分别位于庐山和黄石的两个中β低涡产生了上述突发性暴雨,一个中β低涡是非及地的,另一个是及地的;还发现:不仅中β低涡的结构和中α低涡有显著差异,而且非及地的中β低涡和及地的中β低涡结构上也有很大差异。非及地的中β低涡低层为冷干区,中高层为暖湿区,发展强盛时低层存在下沉辐散气流;及地的中β低涡由地面到中高层均为暖湿区,低层也不存在下沉辐散气流。探讨了两个中β低涡的形成原因,低空急流的扰动,经过幕阜山时,水平风速明显加强,在低层产生强质量辐合的同时,850hPa流场发生气旋性弯曲,移出幕阜山时,形成了稳定少动、中心位于庐山附近的中β低涡;庐山低涡在发展强盛时,通过次级环流诱发了黄石附近中β低涡的形成。Abstract: By using mesoscale model MMS,we have successfully simulated two meso-β vortexes responsible for the heavy rainfall nearby Wuhan on 22 July 1998.One of the two meso-β vortexes is centered at Lushan,and the other is at Huanggang. Both of them are in the lower troposphere. Although there are only 100 km between them,two meso-β vortexes have different structures and different causes. The low-level jet disturbance is the basic cause for Lushan meso-β vortex. Three hours after it occurred,Lushan vortex causes the formation of Huanggang vortex by its secondary circulation.