青藏高原—季风水汽输送“大三角扇型”影响域特征与中国区域旱涝异常的关系

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER VAPOR TRANSPORT FEATURES OF TIBETAN PLATEAU-MONSOON “LARGE TRIANGLE” AFFECTING REGION AND DROUGHT-FLOOD ABNORMALITY OF CHINA

  • 摘要: 文中分析了南亚季风水汽输送关键区“大三角扇型”区域特征,即该区域以高原地区为顶端,南海季风与印度季风涉及的低纬活动源区为“底边”构成了类似“大三角扇型”的南亚季风水循环相关影响域,此“大三角扇型”水汽输送特征分布描述了副热带高压环流以及中纬度扰动等亚洲季风系统成员的总体动力影响效应;反映了该区域南半球跨赤道气流,赤道西太平洋季风槽及季风活动等水份循环特征。表现了东亚海陆热力强迫、青藏高原非绝热效应、海洋“暖池”及异常孟加拉湾对流活动等诸因素的综合影响。研究表明,大三角区域热源强信号源(高原地气与孟加拉湾、菲律宾、南海等海气过程)区域的水份循环时空演变、遥相关特征及其对亚洲季风爆发的综合影响等均是认识中国及东亚旱、涝异常成因的重要科学问题。

     

    Abstract: By using the NCEP reanalysis water vapor transport flux data, the Doppler radar echoes in middle plateau of TIPEX, the satellite water vapor imagery, the time cross-section of satellite remotely sensed TBB and the dynamic variation of satellite images, the relationship between water vapor transport features of Tibetan Plateau-Monsoon "Large Triangle affecting region" and drought-flood abnormal of China has discussed in this study. It is shown that the water vapor channel is related to the outbreak of Asia monsoon, air-land process on the Plateau and the special abnormal structure of water vapor over the Plateau. The functions of heat sources in low and middle latitude oceans all appear in this area, namely the area where exists the interaction between Plateau and monsoon as well as activit ies for its members. This "large triangle" affecting of the Plateau and monsoon has been described. Thus, the southerly water vapor transport feature in the "large triangle" affecting region shows that there exists teleconnection between the Plateau and low latitude ocean heat sources and water vapor sources.

     

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