Abstract: The energy and hydrological balance are the physical basis of land surface process. There are some description limitations about heat diffusion between the up and down soil layers. Besides, many surface models fix the bottom soil temperature. In fact, the soil temperature of 320 cm has still annual variation according to the observation. This variation impacts obviously that of upper layer. Secondly, land process model has also some problems about hydrological balance. There are many uncertainties such as runoff, evaporation calculation due to the short of the completely observation data of the surface hydrological components.