台风倒槽内β中尺度低涡及特大暴雨的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF EXTREMELY HEAVY RAIN AND MESO-βSCALE LOW VORTEX IN INVERTED TYPHOON TROUGH

  • 摘要: 对2001年7月6~7日上海嘉定特大暴雨及β中尺度低涡进行大、中尺度分析,认为特大暴雨是在西太平洋副热带高压的西北侧、北部西风槽与南部台风倒槽相连的形势下形成的。利用改进的区域η坐标模式(REM)对这一过程进行了数值模拟,发现降水先于β中尺度低涡形成,强降水是在“风速偶”之间的强辐合作用下触发的。探讨了“风速偶”特别是弱风中心形成的原因。根据模式输出的高时空分辨率物理量场对β中尺度低涡与特大暴雨的形成进行分析,探讨了它们形成的机制,结果表明β中尺度低涡的形成是由于强降水使气柱增暖加强了低空原有的正涡度的情况下形成的,低涡与降水存在正反馈机制,CISK机制可能是十分重要的。

     

    Abstract: Large and meso scale analyses are made for extremely heavy rain and meso-β scale low vortex occurring in Jiading of Shanghai during 6-7 July, 2001. It is shown that extremely heavy rain happened for the instance of interaction among inverted typhoon trough and westerly troug hand continent cold high and west Pacific Ocean subtropical high, especially for the instance of westerly trough linking toget her with inverted typhoon trough at northwest side of west Pacific Ocean subtropical high. Numerical simulation is made using a 21-level improved REM model for this course. The model is that we improved using vertical varying distance difference scheme and Blackadar high resolution PBL scheme and improved its horizontal resolution from 1°×1° to 0.25°×0.25°, etc. The model uses Egrid, and Betts convective parameterized scheme. The terrain is made using Wallace envelope topography. The simulation shows that, not only the typhoon center and the inverted trough are well simulated, but also the extremely heavy rain and meso-scale low vortex. The nort heast to southwest forecast rain area is similar to observation, only the forecast extremely heavy rain center is located sout heast far about 30km from observation.

     

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