中国南方地区层状云的形成和日变化特征分析
THE FORMATION AND DIURNAL CHANGES OF STRATIFORM CLOUDS IN SOUTHERN CHINA
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摘要: 文中利用中国地区卫星和地面观测云的量、状、高等资料及空中规定等压面和特性层探空资料,分析了中国南方地区(20～35°N,103～120°E)层状中、低云的形成背景和日变化特征并初步解释了日变化的原因。层状云的伸展高度是受空中逆温层限制的,华南沿海地区的层积云与海洋性层积云具有较相似的性质,是水汽在边界层逆温下凝结、堆积的结果,其云量日变化与边界层日变化有密切联系,白天减少,夜间增多。高原以东地区层状中云的形成是青藏高原大地形动力作用的产物,是冬春季水汽在高原以东大尺度低高层辐合、中层辐散所伴随的下沉运动形成的逆温层下堆积的结果,其日变率较小。Abstract: Strati form clouds have thicker optical depths,which affect the local climate seriously.Southern China(20-35°N,103-120°E) is the unique region where stratif ormcloud amount is veryhigh in the mid and low latitude,but little attention has been focused on stratif ormclouds in this region.Based on the monthly and hourly data from surface observations and radiosonde,the circulation condition and diurnal changes of stratiform clouds in southern China are illust rated and interpreted.The main conclusions are as follows:
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