近地层O3和CO2浓度变化对冬小麦影响的数值模拟:Ⅰ模型结构

NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY ON THE IMPACTS OF TROPSHERE O3 AND CO2 CONCENTRATIONS CHANGES ON WINTER WHEAT: ⅠMODEL DESCRIPTION

  • 摘要: 在试验研究的基础上,文中尝试利用数值模拟方法评估O3和CO2浓度变化对作物的影响 。以农田生态系统碳氮生物化学模型(DNDC)为基础,对其中的作物子模型进行改进,加入O 3对冬小麦光合作用和叶片生长影响的模拟,结合原模型中有关CO2对冬小麦光合作用影 响的模拟,建立反映O 3和CO 2浓度变化对冬小麦生长发育和产量形成影响的作物模型。文章对DNDC模型进行了参数修正以适用于中国华北地区;文章参考前人的工作,引用了两种 O3对作物光合作用影响的模拟方法进行比较,分别是O 3对初始光利用率的影响和O3对 叶片光合作用的直接影响;在此基础上,进一步考虑O3对冬小麦叶片生长的影响,根据试 验资料,建立了O 3对叶片生长影响系数。

     

    Abstract: Ozone is well documented as the air pollutant most damaging to agricultural crops and other plants. It is reported that troposphere O3 concentration has been increased rapidly in recent 20 years. Evaluating and predicting impacts of ozo ne concentration changing on crops are drawing great attention in the scientific community. In China, main study method on this field is controlled experiments, for example open top chambers, but numerical simulation study about impacts of ozone on crops using crop model is rare, what’s more, the simulation study abou t combined impacts of ozone and carbon dioxide has not been reported. The improv ed agroecosystem model is presented to evaluate simultaneous impacts of troposph ere O3 and CO 2 concentration changes on crops in the paper by integrating im pacts of ozone on crop growth and development algorithms with an existing agroec osystem biogeochemical model, DNDC. The main crop physiological process of crop grow th (phenology, leaf area index, photosynthesis, respiration, assimilate allocati on and so on) in former DNDC are kept. The algorithms about impacts of ozone on photosynthesis and winter wheat leaf are added in improved model to reveal impac ts of ozone and carbon dioxide on growth development and yield formation of wint er wheat coupling the simulation about impacts of carbon dioxide on photosynthes is of winter wheat which exists in former DNDC.In the paper, firstly assimilate allocation algorithms and some specie parameters (such as daily thermal time of different development stage) were modified in order that DNDC can be applied to North of China. Secondly two different kinds of impacts of ozone on crops algor ithms were tried to coupling with the former model the one was impacts of ozon e on light use efficiency, another was direct effects of ozone on leaves photosy nthesis. The later were closer to experiment measurements through comparing resu lts of two group simulated. At last, the method of direct impacts of ozone on le aves growth was adopted and the coefficients about impacts of ozone on leaf grow th and senescence were ascertained. Effects of climate changes, increasing ozone and carbon dioxide concentration on agroecosystem are attempted to be simulated numerically in the study which is considered to be advanced and credible.

     

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