Abstract: The transition probability limit distribution of weather conditions in a different climate condition actually represents persistence and transition of the climate, at the same time indicates its predictable period. This paper preliminarily studies the limit distribution of the daily weather condition evolution for 160 stations in China, based on the Markov chain theory. The research shows inherent difference of persistence and transition of daily weather conditions caused by the difference in affecting weather system in the different areas. For example, there is continuous raining for two days in some areas. while 4-6 d or longer in other area. The results of statistical analysis show that the nationwide average duration is the shortest in summer and presents an increasing trend from north to south as well as from west to east. The average rainfall duration in spring lasts 5.1 d, 5 d in summer. 6.5 d in autumn and 6.2 d in winter. It means that the rainfall duration in summer half years is shorter than in winter half year. The reason might be that the weather systems are more complicated and meso- and small-scale weather systems are more in spring and summer. It proves once again from another side that the evolution process of the daily precipitation weather conditions in the various regions displays the natural transition sustainability of a certain state of weather and climate, namely the climate condition of natural weather cycle, which provides the climate background for the short-term weather forecast.