Abstract: With the meteorological data and the maize yield data from 1961 to 2010 and the growth and development data of maize from 1961 to 2010 from the 35 agricultural stations in northeast China, a hazard assessment model was established by selecting appropriate drought indices and chilling injury indices combined with the natural hazard assessment theory. By identifying the type of hazard and using the historical hazardous data, the weight ratio are created based on the impacts from the different hazard types in typical hazardous years. The evaluation of the hazard of drought and chilling injury for the maize at the different growth periods in northeast China and the whole growing phase were made. The results showed that at the early period, the hazard mainly concentrated in the southeast of the studying area, with the chilling injury as the major disaster; while at the latter period, the hazardous area with high risk had changed to the west part, and the major disaster of this period was drought. The contributions of each period to the evaluation of the hazard of the whole stage are 0.3473 and 0.6527, respectively. The distribution of the disaster hazard in northeast China was regional: drought disaster was located in the western and northern areas while chilling injury was in the eastern and southern areas. To the whole growth and development period, the impacts caused by chilling damage were superior to those caused by drought disaster slightly. The major type of meteorological disaster was changing from chilling injury to drought, with gradually decreasing occurrence of the former disaster but increasing frequency and affecting area of the latter one.