Abstract:
In this study, 67 Tropical Cyclones (TC) crossing Jiangsu province are identified from a total of 2440 western North Pacific TC during the 73 a period of 19492021 using the best-track data archived at the China Meteorological Administration’s Shanghai Typhoon Institute (CMA STI). Temporal and spatial characteristics of activities and potential destructiveness associated with these TC crossing Jiangsu province are investigated. Results show that TC crossing Jiangsu province, which were mainly generated in July and August over a broader region, account for 2.7% and 10.2% of TC over the western North Pacific and those made landfall in China, respectively. TC crossing Jiangsu province made landfall in China mainly in June–November, with the highest landfalling frequency and widest landfalling distribution in August. The landfalling routes of TC crossing Jiangsu are categorized into 14 types (T
1—T
14), of which the route T
4 for TC that made landfall first in Taiwan, China and then in Fujian accounts for the highest proportion. The TC tracks crossing Jiangsu are classified into four types. The moving directions in Jiangsu and overall track morphologies of TC corresponding to these four types are closely related to the westward extension and northward shift of the western North Pacific subtropical high. TC entered and left Jiangsu mainly from the southeast and east coast of Jiangsu respectively during July–September. The entering locations of TC crossing Jiangsu shift northward from June to August and retreat southward in September–October, while leaving locations shift westward and then retreat eastward due to seasonal adjustments of large-scale systems such as the western North Pacific subtropical high and monsoon circulation. The track density of TC in Jiangsu generally decreases from southeast to northwest, with most of the TC moving northward or northeastward. Spatial distributions of track density and average velocity vectors of TC crossing Jiangsu are characterized by significant monthly variations. There is a significant increase in potential destructiveness of TC in Jiangsu (JS-PDI) during the period of 1949—2021, corresponding to increases in their landfall intensity and average intensity in Jiangsu. The JS-PDI in August is considerably higher than in other months. In agreement with the distribution of average TC intensity in Jiangsu, larger JS-PDI values are mainly distributed in the coastal region and southeast of Jiangsu, and the locations of maximum JS-PDI agree well with the TC track density .