一种双阶矩规范化雨滴谱反演方法的初步验证

Preliminary verification of a double-moment normalization method for raindrop size distribution retrieval

  • 摘要: 双偏振雷达反演雨滴谱能够为研究降水微物理过程提供良好的数据支撑。雨滴谱模型中的约束关系使得雨滴谱反演方法存在局限性,例如在“约束性Gamma(C-G)模型”雨滴谱反演方法中统计形状因子-斜率因子(μ-Λ)关系时,剔除了一些数据,因此μ-Λ关系并不能代表所有降水的特性。为此,提出一种新的雨滴谱反演方法:双阶矩规范化雨滴谱反演法。方法在保留全部有效数据的基础上,建立了趋近线性的定量关系,利用水平反射率因子(ZH)和差分反射率因子(ZDR)计算得到雨滴谱六、七阶矩,进而参考双阶矩规范化雨滴谱模型反演雨滴谱。利用发生在广东的2次降水过程采用模拟试验,地面观测和高空反演等多个结果验证了方法的可行性。结果表明:假设的雨滴谱模型与实际观测数据较为吻合,理论上方法合理可行。无论是模拟试验还是地面验证,提出的方法都优于传统C-G方法,尤其是在强降水端表现明显。同时双偏振雷达(双阶矩规范化雨滴谱反演方法)和云雷达对高空中弱回波(<35 dBz)粒子大小的反演一致。该方法从理论,地面和高空观测等方面都表现出反演的可靠性,为研究不同高度的雨滴谱特征提供了较好的反演途径。

     

    Abstract: Retrieving raindrop size distributions (DSDs) from polarimetric radar data can provide a good data support for the study of microphysical rain processes. Limitations in the DSD model lead to limitations of retrieving DSDs. For example, when calculating the μ-Λ relation in the constrained Gamma (C-G) model DSD retrieval method, some data are excluded, and thus the μ-Λ relation cannot represent the characteristics of all precipitation. To solve this problem, a new double-moment normalization method for retrieving DSDs from polarimetric radar data is proposed. On the basis of retaining all valid data, near-linear quantitative relationships are established. DSD moment six and seven are calculated by using ZH and ZDR, and then DSD is retrieved based on the double-moment normalization DSD model. Using data of two rainfall events occurred in Guangdong Province of China, the scientific feasibility of the method is verified by the simulation test, ground observations, and retrieval DSD results at different heights. The results reveal that the hypothetical DSD model is in good agreement with the actual observed data, and the method is reasonable and feasible in theory. The new method shows advantages over the traditional C-G DSD model method in both the simulation test and the ground verification, especially for heavy rain. At the same time, the particle size retrievals for the weak echo (<35 dBz) in the high air derived from dual polarization radar (double-moment normalization method) and cloud radar are consistent. This method shows retrieval reliability based on both theory and ground and high-altitude DSD verification, and provides a good DSD retrieval way to study the DSD characteristics at different heights.

     

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