Abstract: The underground cold thermal vortex has not been analyzed in past studies. In fact, both the thermal vortex and the cold vortex are the conflict entities, just like the low pressure system (the cyclone) and the high-pressure system (the counter cyclone) in the synoptic map. The warm vortex and the cyclone are initiative for the weather and climate change; on the contrary, the cold vortex and the anticyclone are regarded as the passivity. The cold vortex area is much larger than the warm one, and the biggest cold vortex area is above 2,000 thousands km2 normally. The correlation of the cold vortex and the drought is very high, and so it is important to predict the rainfall in flood season. The relationship of big underground cold vortex in winter and the drought in spring and summer during the last 50 years was discussed. By analyzing the big underground cold vortex in winter and drought in spring and summer, the result shows that except the main body of the Tibetan Plateau, the regions of the big underground cold vortex in winter would be dry in spring and summer, and the underground cold vortex at the catchment's area of the big underground vortex is almost the same. The frequency of the big underground cold vortex in China is 80%, and so it is important for the short-term climate predicting.