孙宇婷,郑向东,卞建春,张金强,白志宣. 2022. 夏季青藏高原北部对流层臭氧垂直分布的观测研究. 气象学报,80(5):806-818. DOI: 10.11676/qxxb2022.054
引用本文: 孙宇婷,郑向东,卞建春,张金强,白志宣. 2022. 夏季青藏高原北部对流层臭氧垂直分布的观测研究. 气象学报,80(5):806-818. DOI: 10.11676/qxxb2022.054
Sun Yuting, Zheng Xiangdong, Bian Jianchun, Zhang Jinqiang, Bai Zhixuan. 2022. Vertical distribution of summer tropospheric ozone over the northern Tibetan Plateau. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 80(5):806-818. DOI: 10.11676/qxxb2022.054
Citation: Sun Yuting, Zheng Xiangdong, Bian Jianchun, Zhang Jinqiang, Bai Zhixuan. 2022. Vertical distribution of summer tropospheric ozone over the northern Tibetan Plateau. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 80(5):806-818. DOI: 10.11676/qxxb2022.054

夏季青藏高原北部对流层臭氧垂直分布的观测研究

Vertical distribution of summer tropospheric ozone over the northern Tibetan Plateau

  • 摘要: 对流层臭氧垂直分布变化对气候环境有重要的影响,然而观测数据一直较为稀缺。利用2016年7月下旬—8月青海省格尔木市对流层臭氧探空观测资料开展夏季青藏高原北部对流层臭氧垂直分布变化特征及其形成机制的大气背景研究。结果表明,在大气背景的转换下对流层臭氧垂直分布整体上呈现高(低)臭氧与低(高)水汽和高(低)位势涡度的对应。除7月25—27日高空低压槽过境导致的平流层向下输送使对流层臭氧浓度升高明显外,阻塞暖高压反气旋和源自青藏高原主体地区的强对流天气过境也对对流层臭氧分布有影响:阻塞暖高压在观测点东北部形成后导致7月31日至8月8日格尔木对流层连续出现罕见东风,但对流层臭氧浓度仅在8月2日因东北—西南方向反气旋切变而出现较高值,其中6 km高度以下则因为东风输送而出现高臭氧、高比湿的污染性气团;强对流天气过境影响使得8月12—14日10 km高度以上出现臭氧最低值和比湿最高值。与西宁历史夏季(1996年7—8月初)臭氧探空测值比较,格尔木对流层臭氧浓度8月偏低,该特征与季风影响青藏高原纬度最高地区所在月份一致。与林芝(2014年7月)、那曲(2011年7月末—8月中旬)和拉萨(1998年8月)历史夏季臭氧探空测值比较发现,纬度效应对青藏高原地区对流层臭氧浓度有影响。

     

    Abstract: Tropospheric ozone (O3) has significance impacts on climate and air quality, yet observations of tropospheric O3 is not sufficient. In this study, vertical distribution of tropospheric O3 and associated meteorological processes from 25 July to 22 August 2016 observed at Golmud, a city in Qinghai province on the Northern Tibet Plateau (TP), is analyzed to better understand characteristics and mechanism of tropospheric O3 variation there. One general feature is that high (low) O3 corresponds to low (high) water vapor and high (low) potential vorticity. Except for the tropospheric O3 enhancement associated with the passage of a low-pressure trough from 25 to 27 July, the impacts of a warm blocking high and the passage of a deep convective system from the main area of the TP on the distribution of tropospheric O3 are observed and analyzed for the first time in the northern TP. After the formation of the blocking warm high to the northeast of the observation site, easterly winds maintain in the whole troposphere at Golmud from 31 July to 8 August, but tropospheric O3 concentration is only slightly higher on 2 August due to the anticyclonic shear along the northeast-southwest direction. Pollutant air mass with high O3 and specific humidity (q) below 6 km appear due to westward transport. The lowest O3 and the highest q during the entire observational period appear at the height above 10 km from 12 to 14 August with the passage of a deep convective system. Compared with the historical tropospheric O3 observed in Xining (from July to early August 1996), O3 at Golmud exhibits a seasonal low value in August, which is consistent with seasonal influences of the summer monsoon. Compared with historical tropospheric O3 observations in Linzhi (July 2014), Naqu (from late July to mid-August 2011) and Lhasa (August 1998), it is found that latitude has certain influences on O3 over the Tibetan Plateau.

     

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